Counterfeit medicines are manufactured by contaminating or using the wrong compounds with no active ingredient. These are drugs are illegal and pose a significant health risks. Thus, anti-counterfeiting technologies play a pivotal role in the identification of fake medicines. These technologies are highly adopted in the pharmaceutical industries to avoid substantial public health hazards. The factors that fuel the growth of the global pharmaceutical anti-counterfeiting technologies market are rise in availability of counterfeited pharmaceuticals and increase in government initiatives to spread awareness regarding fake medicines. However, lack of awareness towards anti-counterfeiting technologies in the developing economies is anticipated to restrain the market growth. Conversely, technological advancements in pharmaceutical anti-counterfeiting technologies are anticipated to offer lucrative opportunities for the expansion of the market.
Market Analysis and Insights: Global Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market
The global Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies market size is projected to reach US$ XX million by 2026, from US$ XX million in 2020, at a CAGR of XX%% during 2021-2026.
Global Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Scope and Market Size
Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies market is segmented by Type, and by Application. Players, stakeholders, and other participants in the global Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies market will be able to gain the upper hand as they use the report as a powerful resource. The segmental analysis focuses on revenue and forecast by Type and by Application in terms of revenue and forecast for the period 2015-2026.
The following players are covered in this report:
3M Company
Alien Technology
Alpvision
Angstrom Technologies
ThermoFisher Scientific
Authentix, Inc.
Avery Dennison Corporation
Colorcon
Covectra
Everest Holovisions Ltd.
Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Breakdown Data by Type
Barcodes
Radiofrequency Identification (RFID)
Holograms/OVD
Taggants
Others
Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Breakdown Data by Application
Authentication Technology
Track & Trace Technology
Market Analysis and Insights: Global Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market
The global Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies market size is projected to reach US$ XX million by 2026, from US$ XX million in 2020, at a CAGR of XX%% during 2021-2026.
Global Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Scope and Market Size
Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies market is segmented by Type, and by Application. Players, stakeholders, and other participants in the global Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies market will be able to gain the upper hand as they use the report as a powerful resource. The segmental analysis focuses on revenue and forecast by Type and by Application in terms of revenue and forecast for the period 2015-2026.
The following players are covered in this report:
3M Company
Alien Technology
Alpvision
Angstrom Technologies
ThermoFisher Scientific
Authentix, Inc.
Avery Dennison Corporation
Colorcon
Covectra
Everest Holovisions Ltd.
Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Breakdown Data by Type
Barcodes
Radiofrequency Identification (RFID)
Holograms/OVD
Taggants
Others
Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Breakdown Data by Application
Authentication Technology
Track & Trace Technology
1 Report Overview
1.1 Study Scope
1.2 Key Market Segments
1.3 Players Covered: Ranking by Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Revenue
1.4 Market by Type
1.4.1 Global Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size Growth Rate by Type: 2020 VS 2026
1.4.2 Barcodes
1.4.3 Radiofrequency Identification (RFID)
1.4.4 Holograms/OVD
1.4.5 Taggants
1.4.6 Others
1.5 Market by Application
1.5.1 Global Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Share by Application: 2020 VS 2026
1.5.2 Authentication Technology
1.5.3 Track & Trace Technology
1.6 Study Objectives
1.7 Years Considered
2 Global Growth Trends
2.1 Global Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Perspective (2015-2026)
2.2 Global Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Growth Trends by Regions
2.2.1 Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size by Regions: 2015 VS 2020 VS 2026
2.2.2 Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Historic Market Share by Regions (2015-2020)
2.2.3 Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Forecasted Market Size by Regions (2021-2026)
2.3 Industry Trends and Growth Strategy
2.3.1 Market Top Trends
2.3.2 Market Drivers
2.3.3 Market Challenges
2.3.4 Porter’s Five Forces Analysis
2.3.5 Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Growth Strategy
2.3.6 Primary Interviews with Key Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Players (Opinion Leaders)
3 Competition Landscape by Key Players
3.1 Global Top Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Players by Market Size
3.1.1 Global Top Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Players by Revenue (2015-2020)
3.1.2 Global Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Revenue Market Share by Players (2015-2020)
3.1.3 Global Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3)
3.2 Global Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Concentration Ratio
3.2.1 Global Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
3.2.2 Global Top 10 and Top 5 Companies by Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Revenue in 2019
3.3 Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Key Players Head office and Area Served
3.4 Key Players Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Product Solution and Service
3.5 Date of Enter into Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market
3.6 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
4 Market Size by Type (2015-2026)
4.1 Global Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Historic Market Size by Type (2015-2020)
4.2 Global Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Forecasted Market Size by Type (2021-2026)
5 Market Size by Application (2015-2026)
5.1 Global Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size by Application (2015-2020)
5.2 Global Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Forecasted Market Size by Application (2021-2026)
6 North America
6.1 North America Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size (2015-2020)
6.2 Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Key Players in North America (2019-2020)
6.3 North America Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size by Type (2015-2020)
6.4 North America Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size by Application (2015-2020)
7 Europe
7.1 Europe Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size (2015-2020)
7.2 Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Key Players in Europe (2019-2020)
7.3 Europe Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size by Type (2015-2020)
7.4 Europe Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size by Application (2015-2020)
8 China
8.1 China Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size (2015-2020)
8.2 Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Key Players in China (2019-2020)
8.3 China Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size by Type (2015-2020)
8.4 China Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size by Application (2015-2020)
9 Japan
9.1 Japan Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size (2015-2020)
9.2 Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Key Players in Japan (2019-2020)
9.3 Japan Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size by Type (2015-2020)
9.4 Japan Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size by Application (2015-2020)
10 Southeast Asia
10.1 Southeast Asia Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size (2015-2020)
10.2 Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Key Players in Southeast Asia (2019-2020)
10.3 Southeast Asia Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size by Type (2015-2020)
10.4 Southeast Asia Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size by Application (2015-2020)
11 India
11.1 India Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size (2015-2020)
11.2 Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Key Players in India (2019-2020)
11.3 India Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size by Type (2015-2020)
11.4 India Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size by Application (2015-2020)
12 Central & South America
12.1 Central & South America Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size (2015-2020)
12.2 Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Key Players in Central & South America (2019-2020)
12.3 Central & South America Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size by Type (2015-2020)
12.4 Central & South America Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size by Application (2015-2020)
13 Key Players Profiles
13.1 3M Company
13.1.1 3M Company Company Details
13.1.2 3M Company Business Overview
13.1.3 3M Company Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Introduction
13.1.4 3M Company Revenue in Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Business (2015-2020))
13.1.5 3M Company Recent Development
13.2 Alien Technology
13.2.1 Alien Technology Company Details
13.2.2 Alien Technology Business Overview
13.2.3 Alien Technology Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Introduction
13.2.4 Alien Technology Revenue in Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Business (2015-2020)
13.2.5 Alien Technology Recent Development
13.3 Alpvision
13.3.1 Alpvision Company Details
13.3.2 Alpvision Business Overview
13.3.3 Alpvision Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Introduction
13.3.4 Alpvision Revenue in Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Business (2015-2020)
13.3.5 Alpvision Recent Development
13.4 Angstrom Technologies
13.4.1 Angstrom Technologies Company Details
13.4.2 Angstrom Technologies Business Overview
13.4.3 Angstrom Technologies Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Introduction
13.4.4 Angstrom Technologies Revenue in Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Business (2015-2020)
13.4.5 Angstrom Technologies Recent Development
13.5 ThermoFisher Scientific
13.5.1 ThermoFisher Scientific Company Details
13.5.2 ThermoFisher Scientific Business Overview
13.5.3 ThermoFisher Scientific Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Introduction
13.5.4 ThermoFisher Scientific Revenue in Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Business (2015-2020)
13.5.5 ThermoFisher Scientific Recent Development
13.6 Authentix, Inc.
13.6.1 Authentix, Inc. Company Details
13.6.2 Authentix, Inc. Business Overview
13.6.3 Authentix, Inc. Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Introduction
13.6.4 Authentix, Inc. Revenue in Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Business (2015-2020)
13.6.5 Authentix, Inc. Recent Development
13.7 Avery Dennison Corporation
13.7.1 Avery Dennison Corporation Company Details
13.7.2 Avery Dennison Corporation Business Overview
13.7.3 Avery Dennison Corporation Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Introduction
13.7.4 Avery Dennison Corporation Revenue in Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Business (2015-2020)
13.7.5 Avery Dennison Corporation Recent Development
13.8 Colorcon
13.8.1 Colorcon Company Details
13.8.2 Colorcon Business Overview
13.8.3 Colorcon Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Introduction
13.8.4 Colorcon Revenue in Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Business (2015-2020)
13.8.5 Colorcon Recent Development
13.9 Covectra
13.9.1 Covectra Company Details
13.9.2 Covectra Business Overview
13.9.3 Covectra Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Introduction
13.9.4 Covectra Revenue in Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Business (2015-2020)
13.9.5 Covectra Recent Development
13.10 Everest Holovisions Ltd.
13.10.1 Everest Holovisions Ltd. Company Details
13.10.2 Everest Holovisions Ltd. Business Overview
13.10.3 Everest Holovisions Ltd. Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Introduction
13.10.4 Everest Holovisions Ltd. Revenue in Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Business (2015-2020)
13.10.5 Everest Holovisions Ltd. Recent Development
14 Analyst's Viewpoints/Conclusions
15 Appendix
15.1 Research Methodology
15.1.1 Methodology/Research Approach
15.1.2 Data Source
15.2 Disclaimer
15.3 Author Details
1.1 Study Scope
1.2 Key Market Segments
1.3 Players Covered: Ranking by Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Revenue
1.4 Market by Type
1.4.1 Global Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size Growth Rate by Type: 2020 VS 2026
1.4.2 Barcodes
1.4.3 Radiofrequency Identification (RFID)
1.4.4 Holograms/OVD
1.4.5 Taggants
1.4.6 Others
1.5 Market by Application
1.5.1 Global Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Share by Application: 2020 VS 2026
1.5.2 Authentication Technology
1.5.3 Track & Trace Technology
1.6 Study Objectives
1.7 Years Considered
2 Global Growth Trends
2.1 Global Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Perspective (2015-2026)
2.2 Global Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Growth Trends by Regions
2.2.1 Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size by Regions: 2015 VS 2020 VS 2026
2.2.2 Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Historic Market Share by Regions (2015-2020)
2.2.3 Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Forecasted Market Size by Regions (2021-2026)
2.3 Industry Trends and Growth Strategy
2.3.1 Market Top Trends
2.3.2 Market Drivers
2.3.3 Market Challenges
2.3.4 Porter’s Five Forces Analysis
2.3.5 Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Growth Strategy
2.3.6 Primary Interviews with Key Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Players (Opinion Leaders)
3 Competition Landscape by Key Players
3.1 Global Top Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Players by Market Size
3.1.1 Global Top Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Players by Revenue (2015-2020)
3.1.2 Global Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Revenue Market Share by Players (2015-2020)
3.1.3 Global Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3)
3.2 Global Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Concentration Ratio
3.2.1 Global Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
3.2.2 Global Top 10 and Top 5 Companies by Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Revenue in 2019
3.3 Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Key Players Head office and Area Served
3.4 Key Players Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Product Solution and Service
3.5 Date of Enter into Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market
3.6 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
4 Market Size by Type (2015-2026)
4.1 Global Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Historic Market Size by Type (2015-2020)
4.2 Global Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Forecasted Market Size by Type (2021-2026)
5 Market Size by Application (2015-2026)
5.1 Global Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size by Application (2015-2020)
5.2 Global Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Forecasted Market Size by Application (2021-2026)
6 North America
6.1 North America Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size (2015-2020)
6.2 Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Key Players in North America (2019-2020)
6.3 North America Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size by Type (2015-2020)
6.4 North America Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size by Application (2015-2020)
7 Europe
7.1 Europe Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size (2015-2020)
7.2 Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Key Players in Europe (2019-2020)
7.3 Europe Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size by Type (2015-2020)
7.4 Europe Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size by Application (2015-2020)
8 China
8.1 China Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size (2015-2020)
8.2 Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Key Players in China (2019-2020)
8.3 China Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size by Type (2015-2020)
8.4 China Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size by Application (2015-2020)
9 Japan
9.1 Japan Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size (2015-2020)
9.2 Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Key Players in Japan (2019-2020)
9.3 Japan Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size by Type (2015-2020)
9.4 Japan Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size by Application (2015-2020)
10 Southeast Asia
10.1 Southeast Asia Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size (2015-2020)
10.2 Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Key Players in Southeast Asia (2019-2020)
10.3 Southeast Asia Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size by Type (2015-2020)
10.4 Southeast Asia Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size by Application (2015-2020)
11 India
11.1 India Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size (2015-2020)
11.2 Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Key Players in India (2019-2020)
11.3 India Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size by Type (2015-2020)
11.4 India Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size by Application (2015-2020)
12 Central & South America
12.1 Central & South America Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size (2015-2020)
12.2 Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Key Players in Central & South America (2019-2020)
12.3 Central & South America Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size by Type (2015-2020)
12.4 Central & South America Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Market Size by Application (2015-2020)
13 Key Players Profiles
13.1 3M Company
13.1.1 3M Company Company Details
13.1.2 3M Company Business Overview
13.1.3 3M Company Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Introduction
13.1.4 3M Company Revenue in Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Business (2015-2020))
13.1.5 3M Company Recent Development
13.2 Alien Technology
13.2.1 Alien Technology Company Details
13.2.2 Alien Technology Business Overview
13.2.3 Alien Technology Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Introduction
13.2.4 Alien Technology Revenue in Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Business (2015-2020)
13.2.5 Alien Technology Recent Development
13.3 Alpvision
13.3.1 Alpvision Company Details
13.3.2 Alpvision Business Overview
13.3.3 Alpvision Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Introduction
13.3.4 Alpvision Revenue in Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Business (2015-2020)
13.3.5 Alpvision Recent Development
13.4 Angstrom Technologies
13.4.1 Angstrom Technologies Company Details
13.4.2 Angstrom Technologies Business Overview
13.4.3 Angstrom Technologies Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Introduction
13.4.4 Angstrom Technologies Revenue in Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Business (2015-2020)
13.4.5 Angstrom Technologies Recent Development
13.5 ThermoFisher Scientific
13.5.1 ThermoFisher Scientific Company Details
13.5.2 ThermoFisher Scientific Business Overview
13.5.3 ThermoFisher Scientific Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Introduction
13.5.4 ThermoFisher Scientific Revenue in Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Business (2015-2020)
13.5.5 ThermoFisher Scientific Recent Development
13.6 Authentix, Inc.
13.6.1 Authentix, Inc. Company Details
13.6.2 Authentix, Inc. Business Overview
13.6.3 Authentix, Inc. Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Introduction
13.6.4 Authentix, Inc. Revenue in Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Business (2015-2020)
13.6.5 Authentix, Inc. Recent Development
13.7 Avery Dennison Corporation
13.7.1 Avery Dennison Corporation Company Details
13.7.2 Avery Dennison Corporation Business Overview
13.7.3 Avery Dennison Corporation Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Introduction
13.7.4 Avery Dennison Corporation Revenue in Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Business (2015-2020)
13.7.5 Avery Dennison Corporation Recent Development
13.8 Colorcon
13.8.1 Colorcon Company Details
13.8.2 Colorcon Business Overview
13.8.3 Colorcon Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Introduction
13.8.4 Colorcon Revenue in Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Business (2015-2020)
13.8.5 Colorcon Recent Development
13.9 Covectra
13.9.1 Covectra Company Details
13.9.2 Covectra Business Overview
13.9.3 Covectra Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Introduction
13.9.4 Covectra Revenue in Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Business (2015-2020)
13.9.5 Covectra Recent Development
13.10 Everest Holovisions Ltd.
13.10.1 Everest Holovisions Ltd. Company Details
13.10.2 Everest Holovisions Ltd. Business Overview
13.10.3 Everest Holovisions Ltd. Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Introduction
13.10.4 Everest Holovisions Ltd. Revenue in Pharmaceutical Anti-Counterfeiting Technologies Business (2015-2020)
13.10.5 Everest Holovisions Ltd. Recent Development
14 Analyst's Viewpoints/Conclusions
15 Appendix
15.1 Research Methodology
15.1.1 Methodology/Research Approach
15.1.2 Data Source
15.2 Disclaimer
15.3 Author Details
